Welding rod



ed solid metal for the the we siderable -.P1...e.- Apr. 24.1923.

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To all 'whom it may comm:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK M. Bnoxn'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Niagara Falls, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Welding Rods, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to processes wherein metal is fused by the electric are or the blowpipe and flowed into contact with heaturpose of welding, filling, coating or the hke. More particularly, the invention relates to the compos1- tion of the metal added in such operations.

When ordinary carbon steel, in the form of a rod or the like, is used as the metal to be fused and added, it is found that there sults leave much to be desired. The iron and manganese of. the molten metal oxidize and the oxide so formed are reduced in part by the carbon present, with the formation of gaseous products. Two detrimental effects are thus produced. The 'gaseous carbon ox en compounds form blowholes in.

ii reducing its strength, and a conbut indefinite amount of the strengthening element carbon is removed from the weld. 7-

The object of my invention is to overcome these defects and to rovide a weldin alloy which will roduce getter welds, whi e permitting hig er welding speeds and making the welding process less dependent on'the,

skill of the operator.

These objects are attained by incorporating'manganese and, silicon into the welding metal, the efl'ect of the silicon being especially noticeable. Silicon is'readily oxidized during welding, but a decreased sllicon con- "tent does no harm. The oxid (silica) formed,

combines with oxids of iron and man anese, producing fusible silicates, which orm a thinly-fluid slag at the welding temperature. This slag forms a layer over the heatedmetal, effectually preventing its oxidation as well as the absorption of nitrogen'therein. The protective layer of slag as well as the presence of substantial quantities of the strongly reducing elements-manganese and silicon'decrease ,oxidation of the carbon and hence tend us prevent the formation of gases in the metal or a decrease in the carbon content. A higher welding temperature, permitting greater welding speed, is made the percentage of silicon.

Methods of formin justing their size in. ac-

an iron alloy containing carbon, more wmme non,

-- Application filed June 28, 1921. 'Serial 1105481978.

' possible, as the protective action above noted keeps down the oxidation even with elevated temperatures. In addition, the silicon renders the welding metal more fusible and more fluid at the welding temperature, and these factors within limits favor better welds and greater speed.

The manganese content of the welding metal may be from 0.50% tel/75% and the silicon from 0.3%. to 1.50%.- Carbon may vary from 0.05% to 0.50%. Excellent results have been obtained with manganese .be-

tween 0.80% and 1.0% and silicon between,

0.50% and 0.75%. In one instance which illustratesthe advantageous features of the invention, a rod of steel containing 0.15% carbon, 0.76% manganese and 0.65% silicon, was used as welding metal The weld'has excellent physical: properties. The manganese in the weld had reduced itself to 0.61% and the silicon to 0.42%, but there had been no loss of carbon. In general,however, with a rod of the composition noted, there will be a slight but practicall negligible loss of carbon during the we ding operation.

I have found'that the percentage of manganese present is preferabl greater than y 0 best results appear to follow when the percentage of manganese bears to the percenta e of silicon a ratio of approximately 3 :2. nder' these conditions the welding metal flows freely butis not excessively fluid. When the metal ,is too fluid, the welder has difliculty in con-.

trolling it. However, my invention is not limted to this proportion, as improved Welds may bepbtained with the manganese andsiliconin other proportions. Alloys prepared in accordance with my in-' vention may be formed into rods or pencils and used as electrodes or with the blow i and using rods cf t i s character and of. a cordance with the purpose for which they aie to be used are well understood in the art,

and no modification of these methods is necesitated by the novel compositions herein described.

I claim: i

1. A welding rod or the like consisting of an iron alloy containing carbon and substantial amounts of manganese and silicon.

2. A welding rod or' the like consisting! of t an 025% of manganese end more than 0.3% of 0.3% to 1.5%, the percentages of manganese silicon. and silicon present being approximately in 3. A welding rod or the like consisting of. the ratio of 3 to 2.

an iron alloy containing: carbon 0.05% to 6. A welding rod or the like consisting of 50.5%,ma1'1ganese 0.5% to 1.75%, and silicon an iron alloy ontainingf carbon 0.05% to 20 v 0.3% a0 1.5%. 0.5%, manganese 0.8% to 1.0%, and silicon 4. A welding rod or the like consisting of 0.5v 0 to 0.75%. an 'iron alloy containing: carbon 0.05% to 7. A welding rod or the like consisting of 0.5%, manganese 0.5% to 1.75% and silicon an iron alloy containing: carbon 0.05% to 10 0.3% to 1.5%, the manganese being present 0.5%, man anese 0.8% to 1.0% and silicon 2.

in substantially greater. .qfiantity than the 0.5%"to 0. 5%, the percentages of mansilicon. ganese and silicon present being approxi- 5. A Welding rod or the like consisting of niately in the ratio of 3 to 2. an iron alloy containing: carbon 0.05% to In testimony whereof. Iailix my si ature. 15 0.5%, manganese 0.5% to 1.75%, and silicon FREDERICK M. BEG ET. 

